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52. Convex and Discrete Geometry

This volume studies convex sets, polytopes, and discrete geometric structures.

This volume studies convex sets, polytopes, and discrete geometric structures. It emphasizes combinatorial structure, geometric inequalities, and computational aspects.

Part I. Convex Sets

Chapter 1. Convexity

1.1 Convex sets and combinations 1.2 Convex hulls 1.3 Extreme points 1.4 Carathéodory theorem 1.5 Examples

Chapter 2. Separation and Support

2.1 Supporting hyperplanes 2.2 Separation theorems 2.3 Dual cones 2.4 Applications 2.5 Examples

Chapter 3. Convex Functions

3.1 Definitions 3.2 Properties 3.3 Jensen inequality 3.4 Subgradients 3.5 Applications

Part II. Polytopes

Chapter 4. Convex Polytopes

4.1 Definitions 4.2 Vertices, edges, faces 4.3 Face lattices 4.4 Examples 4.5 Applications

Chapter 5. Polyhedral Theory

5.1 Half-space representations 5.2 Minkowski theorem 5.3 Dual polytopes 5.4 Examples 5.5 Applications

Chapter 6. Combinatorics of Polytopes

6.1 f-vectors 6.2 Euler relations 6.3 Shellability 6.4 Applications 6.5 Examples

Part III. Discrete Geometry

Chapter 7. Lattices

7.1 Lattice points 7.2 Basis and determinants 7.3 Geometry of numbers 7.4 Applications 7.5 Examples

Chapter 8. Packing and Covering

8.1 Sphere packing 8.2 Covering problems 8.3 Density bounds 8.4 Applications 8.5 Examples

Chapter 9. Combinatorial Geometry

9.1 Incidence problems 9.2 Arrangements 9.3 Extremal problems 9.4 Applications 9.5 Examples

Part IV. Geometric Inequalities

Chapter 10. Classical Inequalities

10.1 Isoperimetric inequality 10.2 Brunn–Minkowski inequality 10.3 Applications 10.4 Examples 10.5 Consequences

Chapter 11. Convex Geometry Inequalities

11.1 Minkowski inequalities 11.2 Mixed volumes 11.3 Applications 11.4 Examples 11.5 Connections

Chapter 12. Functional Inequalities

12.1 Log-concavity 12.2 Concentration inequalities 12.3 Applications 12.4 Examples 12.5 Connections

Part V. Algorithms and Computation

Chapter 13. Convex Optimization Geometry

13.1 Geometry of feasible sets 13.2 Polyhedral methods 13.3 Applications 13.4 Examples 13.5 Connections

Chapter 14. Computational Geometry

14.1 Convex hull algorithms 14.2 Voronoi diagrams 14.3 Delaunay triangulations 14.4 Applications 14.5 Examples

Chapter 15. Integer Geometry

15.1 Integer points in polytopes 15.2 Ehrhart theory (overview) 15.3 Applications 15.4 Examples 15.5 Connections

Part VI. Advanced Topics

Chapter 16. Random Polytopes

16.1 Definitions 16.2 Probabilistic methods 16.3 Applications 16.4 Examples 16.5 Connections

Chapter 17. Discrete Differential Geometry (Overview)

17.1 Discrete curvature 17.2 Graph embeddings 17.3 Applications 17.4 Examples 17.5 Connections

Chapter 18. Geometric Measure Links

18.1 Measures on convex sets 18.2 Volume theory 18.3 Applications 18.4 Examples 18.5 Connections

Part VII. Applications

Chapter 19. Optimization and Operations Research

19.1 Linear programming geometry 19.2 Feasible regions 19.3 Applications 19.4 Examples 19.5 Connections

Chapter 20. Computer Science

20.1 Data structures 20.2 Algorithmic geometry 20.3 Complexity 20.4 Applications 20.5 Examples

Chapter 21. Physics and Materials

21.1 Crystallography 21.2 Packing in materials 21.3 Energy minimization 21.4 Applications 21.5 Examples

Part VIII. Research Directions

Chapter 22. Advanced Topics

22.1 High-dimensional convexity 22.2 Asymptotic geometry 22.3 Random structures 22.4 Modern developments 22.5 Emerging areas

Chapter 23. Open Problems

23.1 Packing bounds 23.2 Polytope classification 23.3 Incidence geometry limits 23.4 Computational challenges 23.5 Future directions

Chapter 24. Historical and Conceptual Notes

24.1 Development of convex geometry 24.2 Key contributors 24.3 Evolution of discrete geometry 24.4 Cross-disciplinary impact 24.5 Summary

Appendix

A. Convex geometry formulas B. Polytope reference tables C. Proof techniques checklist D. Algorithm templates E. Cross-reference to other MSC branches