IMO 2020 Shortlist N5

Determine all functions f defined on the set of all positive integers and taking non-negative integer values, satisfying...

IMO 2020 Shortlist N5

Category: Number Theory

Problem

Determine all functions f defined on the set of all positive integers and taking non-negative integer values, satisfying the three conditions: piq fpnq ‰ 0 for at least one n; piiq fpxyq “ fpxq ` fpyq for every positive integers x and y; piiiq there are infinitely many positive integers n such that fpkq “ fpn ´ kq for all k ă n. (Croatia)