TAOCP 1.2.3 Exercise 1

By definition, a sum of the form $a_1 + a_2 + \cdots + a_0$ is empty because the upper limit is less than the lower limit.

Section 1.2.3: Sums and Products

Exercise 1. ▶ [10] The text says that $a_1 + a_2 + \cdots + a_0 = 0$. What, then, is $a_2 + \cdots + a_0$?

Verified: yes
Solve time: 34s


By definition, a sum of the form $a_1 + a_2 + \cdots + a_0$ is empty because the upper limit is less than the lower limit. According to the conventions in Section 1.2.3, the sum over an empty range is $0$.

Similarly, the sum $a_2 + \cdots + a_0$ is also over an empty range, since $2 > 0$. Therefore, by the same convention, we have

$a_2 + \cdots + a_0 = 0.$

This completes the proof.