brain

We are given a weighted tree with $n$ vertices. Each edge connects two vertices and has a positive length. The task is to choose a simple path in this tree such that the path contains exactly $k$ vertices, and among all such paths we want the one with the maximum possible…

We are given a hidden permutation of the numbers from 1 to n, stored across positions 1 to n. Our task is to recover the entire permutation, meaning we must determine the exact value at every position. The only way to obtain information is through queries.

The process described in this problem is a deterministic population growth system where each individual has an age-dependent reproduction rule. We start with a single minion born on day one.

Let $mathcal{F}(N,t)$ denote a family of $N$ distinct $t$-combinations, and let $kappat(N)$ be the extremal quantity defined in Section 7.2.1.3, namely the minimum possible size of the derived family under the Kruskal-Katona construction used in Theorem K.

We are given a collection of cheese pieces, each with an initial freshness value. Time advances in discrete days. Every day, all remaining pieces simultaneously lose one unit of freshness.

We are given a set of points on the plane, each representing a friend’s house. We need to choose a single point, interpreted as the location of a new home, and also compute a travel cost associated with visiting all friends from that home.

We are given a line of numbered islands starting from island 1 up to island n. From any island j, Chtholly can jump forward by adding one value from a set of available “step sizes”, meaning she moves from j to j + x where x is chosen from her current ability list.

The task describes a transportation network over a set of cities, where each city contains four internal “modes” of being: school, train station, airport, and competition site.

Let $mathcal{F}(N,t)$ denote a family of $N$ distinct $t$-combinations, and let $kappat(N)$ be the extremal quantity defined in Section 7.2.1.3, namely the minimum possible size of the derived family under the Kruskal-Katona construction used in Theorem K.

I don’t have the actual statement for Codeforces 103115J - “do NOT a=2b” in the prompt you provided, so I can’t reliably reconstruct the problem or write a correct editorial without guessing.

I can’t write a correct editorial for “Codeforces 103115K - chino with c language” without the actual problem statement.

The problem statement is missing from your prompt, so there isn’t enough information to reconstruct what “cocktail with pony” is asking, let alone derive a correct algorithm or write a meaningful editorial.

I can’t reliably write an editorial for Codeforces 103115E - “is the order a rabbit ??” without the actual problem statement.

Let $\mathcal{A}$ be a set of $t$-combinations and let $|\mathcal{A}| = N$.

Let $mathcal{F}(N,t)$ denote a family of $N$ distinct $t$-combinations, and let $kappat(N)$ be the extremal quantity defined in Section 7.2.1.3, namely the minimum possible size of the derived family under the Kruskal-Katona construction used in Theorem K.

I don’t have the actual statement of Codeforces 103115G - “cocktail with snake”, so I can’t reliably reconstruct the problem, constraints, or intended solution path.

The problem statement is missing, so I can’t reconstruct the solution or write a correct editorial yet. Codeforces problem IDs alone aren’t enough because multiple problems (especially from unofficial or Gym rounds like 103115F) don’t have reliably accessible or unique…

I can write the full editorial in the exact format you requested, but I’m missing the actual problem statement for Codeforces 103115D - “cocktail with swap”.

We are given a process that starts with a huge number of identical players, all located at a virtual state written as $(0,0)$. A state $(a,b)$ represents a player who has won $a$ games and lost $b$ games.

I can’t reliably write a correct editorial for this yet because the actual problem statement is missing. “Codeforces 103115C - chino with minimum” doesn’t provide enough information on its own, and I shouldn’t guess the task, constraints, or required algorithm.

Let $kappat(N)$ denote the function defined in Section 7.2.1.3 via the combinatorial representation $$N = binom{nt}{t} + binom{n{t-1}}{t-1} + cdots + binom{n1}{1}, qquad nt n{t-1} cdots n1 ge 0,$$ and $$kappat(N) = binom{nt}{t-1} + binom{n{t-1}}{t-2} + cdots + binom{n1}{0}.

The problem statement for 103117L - Spicy Restaurant is missing from your prompt, so I can’t reliably reconstruct the task or derive a correct solution. Right now, anything I write would be guesswork, and for a Codeforces editorial that would defeat the purpose of the exercise.

The problem statement section is empty, so there isn’t enough information to reconstruct what “K-skip Permutation” actually asks or what the input/output constraints are.

Let $kappat(N)$ denote the function defined in Section 7.2.1.3 via the combinatorial representation $$N = binom{nt}{t} + binom{n{t-1}}{t-1} + cdots + binom{n1}{1}, qquad nt n{t-1} cdots n1 ge 0,$$ and $$kappat(N) = binom{nt}{t-1} + binom{n{t-1}}{t-2} + cdots + binom{n1}{0}.

The problem statement for Codeforces 103117H - “Nihongo wa Muzukashii Desu” is missing from your prompt, so I don’t have the actual task definition, inputs, or required output to build a correct editorial.

I don’t have the actual problem statement for Codeforces 103117G - Hourly Coding Problem in your message, and I can’t reliably infer it from the title alone without risking making up details.

We are given a graph with n vertices and some existing undirected edges. Alongside this, we are given a permutation of the vertices, which represents the exact order in which a DFS, started from the first vertex in that permutation, originally discovered nodes.

I don’t have the actual statement of Codeforces 103117F - Direction Setting in your prompt, so I can’t reliably reconstruct the problem or produce a correct editorial without risking inventing details.

I can write the full Codeforces-style editorial, but the problem statement for 103117D - Rock Paper Scissors is missing from your prompt. Right now I only know the title, which isn’t enough to reconstruct the rules reliably.

We are simulating a turn-based process over a circular group of participants. Each participant is associated with a fixed ingredient type. A global multiset called the pot evolves over time.

The problem statement for Codeforces 103117A - Chuanpai is missing from your prompt, so I don’t have the actual rules, input format, or task definition needed to write a correct editorial.

Let $kappat(N)$ denote the function defined in Section 7.2.1.3 via the combinatorial representation $$N = binom{nt}{t} + binom{n{t-1}}{t-1} + cdots + binom{n1}{1}, qquad nt n{t-1} cdots n1 ge 0,$$ and $$kappat(N) = binom{nt}{t-1} + binom{n{t-1}}{t-2} + cdots + binom{n1}{0}.

I can’t write a correct editorial yet because the actual problem statement (operations, constraints, and what “Matrix Problem” asks for) is missing.

Let $A$ be a set of $t$-combinations of ${0,1,\dots,n-1}$.

We are given a set of clients, each with a distinct rank value. For every client, we must make a binary decision: either invest money to train them into a tutor, or invest money to turn them into a student who will receive tutoring.

I can’t write a correct editorial for this yet because the actual problem statement is missing. Right now I only know the title “Piggy Calculator”, but there is no description of what the calculator does, what inputs look like, or what needs to be computed.

Let $kappat(N)$ denote the function defined in Section 7.2.1.3 via the combinatorial representation $$N = binom{nt}{t} + binom{n{t-1}}{t-1} + cdots + binom{n1}{1}, qquad nt n{t-1} cdots n1 ge 0,$$ and $$kappat(N) = binom{nt}{t-1} + binom{n{t-1}}{t-2} + cdots + binom{n1}{0}.

I’m missing the actual statement of Codeforces 103118I - Chemical Code, so I can’t safely derive the solution or write a correct editorial without guessing the problem details. Please paste the full problem statement (or even a screenshot/text dump).

I can’t produce a correct editorial for Codeforces 103118H - Adventurer’s Guild because the actual problem statement is missing from your prompt.

I cannot write a correct editorial yet because the problem statement is missing from your prompt, and “Grade Point Average” on Codeforces Gym 103118G has multiple different interpretations depending on the exact rounding rule and constraints.

I can’t produce a correct, meaningful editorial for “Codeforces 103118F - Birthday Cake” yet because the problem statement is missing from your prompt. Right now, I only see the header and empty “Problem Statement / Input / Output” sections.

The problem statement is missing from your message, so there’s no way to reconstruct the intended operations, constraints, or required evaluation rules for “103118E - Evaluate Expression”.

I can’t reliably write a correct Codeforces editorial here because the problem statement is missing. “103118D - Dyson Box” isn’t included in your prompt, so anything I produce would be guesswork.

I can’t write a correct editorial yet because the actual problem statement for Codeforces 103118A - Beta Go is missing from your message.

The problem statement section is empty, so there isn’t enough information to reconstruct what “Cat Virus” is actually asking or what the input/output represent.

We are generating a random upper bound array of size $n$, where each entry $ai$ is chosen independently and uniformly from the integers $1$ to $n$.

We are given a set of rectangular advertisements, each one active only during a time interval and occupying a fixed axis-aligned rectangle on a discrete grid. Each ad is therefore a space-time object: a rectangle in 2D space that exists across a contiguous range of days.

We are given a row of jewels indexed from left to right. Each position contains a jewel with a color and a value. The colors are arbitrary integers, and values are large positive numbers. We process two types of operations.

We are working on a huge directed system of “stations” placed on every integer coordinate point in a 1000 by 1000 grid, except for the origin and the destination. The journey starts at (0, 0) and must end at (1000, 1000).

We are given a growing sequence of numbers, where each number is between 0 and 255, so every value fits in 8 bits. After each update, we may be asked to start a two-player game from a given position in the sequence. From a starting index k, a token sits on position k.

We are asked to construct an undirected simple graph on $n$ labeled vertices. Every vertex must have exactly degree $d$, meaning each station is connected to exactly $d$ other stations. Self-loops and multiple edges are forbidden, so this is a standard simple $d$-regular graph.

The mountain is a polygonal terrain formed by connecting points from left to right, starting at ground level, rising through given heights, and then returning back to ground.

We are given a sequence of accelerators, each carrying a multiplicative factor. A spaceship starts with velocity zero and passes through all accelerators in some order.

We are given several independent test cases. In each test case, there are $n$ students, and each student has a single integer attribute $wi$. We must split these students into two clubs, labeled 1 and 2.

Let $kappat(N)$ denote the function defined in Section 7.2.1.3 via the combinatorial representation $$N = binom{nt}{t} + binom{n{t-1}}{t-1} + cdots + binom{n1}{1}, qquad nt n{t-1} cdots n1 ge 0,$$ and $$kappat(N) = binom{nt}{t-1} + binom{n{t-1}}{t-2} + cdots + binom{n1}{0}.

The problem statement is missing from your prompt, so there isn’t enough information to write a correct editorial. “Codeforces 103134J - Raphael singer” doesn’t provide any recoverable structure on its own, and guessing would lead to an incorrect solution write-up.

I don’t have the actual statement of Codeforces 103134I - Competitive Mario Kart in your prompt (the “Problem Statement / Input / Output” sections are empty), so I can’t reliably reconstruct the rules, constraints, or required output.

The problem statement is missing from your message, so I don’t have the actual task definition, input/output format, or constraints for Codeforces 103134H - The comedian Nathan.

I can’t write a correct editorial for this yet because the actual problem content is missing. Right now I only have the title “The blut dot game”, but no rules, no input/output format, and no constraints.

I’m missing the actual problem statement for Codeforces 103134F - Confusing Morete, so I can’t responsibly write a correct editorial yet.

We are given a set of participants, each of whom becomes available starting from a certain day and remains available for every day after that forever.

I can’t produce a correct editorial for this yet because the actual problem statement is missing. “Codeforces 103134E - Learning new languages” is not enough to reconstruct the task reliably, and guessing would very likely lead to a wrong solution and misleading…

I don’t have the actual statement of Codeforces 103134B - “Guidi wants to be stronger”, and without it I’d be forced to guess the problem structure, which would make the editorial meaningless or incorrect.

I can’t write a correct editorial without the actual problem statement. Right now, only the title is available (“Harada and the lucky numbers”), but the input/output definitions, constraints, and what needs to be computed are missing.

Let a string $alpha$ consist of symbols from ${+, -, 0}$ with exactly $t$ zeros and $s$ signs, where each nonzero symbol is either $+$ or $-$. An R-block is a substring of the form $-^k+$, $k ge 0$, that is immediately preceded by $0$ and not followed by $-$.

The problem statement section is empty, so there isn’t enough information to write a correct editorial yet. Codeforces 103136I “Разделение труда” could refer to a specific task, but without the actual description, constraints, or samples, any solution I…

The problem statement is missing from your prompt, so there’s no way to reconstruct a correct editorial without guessing the task.

I don’t have the actual statement of Codeforces 103136G - “Шахматный турнир”, so I can’t responsibly write a correct editorial yet.

The problem statement section is empty, so there isn’t enough information to reconstruct the task. For Codeforces editorials, I need at least the full statement (or a screenshot / text of it), because everything downstream depends on the exact graph structure, operations, or…

I can’t write a correct editorial yet because the actual problem statement for “Codeforces 103136E - Why is calculator needed for?” is missing from your prompt.

The problem statement is missing from your prompt, so I don’t have the actual rules, input format, or required computation for Codeforces 103136D - “Длинные руки”.

I’m missing the actual problem statement for Codeforces 103136C - “Магазин дешевых вещей”, so I can’t reliably reconstruct the intended algorithm or constraints from the name alone.

The problem statement is missing from your prompt, so I can’t reconstruct the task or derive a correct algorithm for Codeforces 103136B - PSU. To write a proper editorial in the style you requested, I need at least one of the following: 1.

Let $\alpha$ be a $t$-combination, so $\alpha$ is a $t$-element subset of ${0,1,\dots,n-1}$.

Let a string $alpha$ consist of symbols from ${+, -, 0}$ with exactly $t$ zeros and $s$ signs, where each nonzero symbol is either $+$ or $-$. An R-block is a substring of the form $-^k+$, $k ge 0$, that is immediately preceded by $0$ and not followed by $-$.

I don’t have the actual statement for Codeforces 103150I “X-OR XOR”, so I can’t safely derive a correct editorial yet. With XOR-style problems especially, small missing details completely change the intended solution (range vs. prefix, updates vs.

The problem section is empty, so there isn’t enough information to write a correct editorial. For a Codeforces editorial, I need at least the full statement (or at minimum: input format, output format, constraints, and a description of the task).

I can write the full editorial in the exact style you want, but I’m missing the only thing that makes it possible: the actual problem statement.

I can’t reliably write a correct editorial for this yet because the actual problem statement is missing. Right now I only see “Codeforces 103150E - o” with empty input/output sections, which isn’t enough to reconstruct the task.

Let κt(N) be the leading parameter in the degree-$t$ combinatorial representation of $N$, so that κt(N) is the unique integer $nt$ satisfying $$binom{nt}{t} le N < binom{nt+1}{t}.

I’m missing the actual problem statement for Codeforces 103150D - Moving Points in your prompt. Right now the “Problem Statement / Input / Output” sections are empty, so I don’t have enough information to: - understand what is being computed, - derive the algorithm, - or…

We are given an array of integers, and we repeatedly apply a very specific transformation to it. In one transformation step, every position is updated at the same time so that each element becomes the sum of all the other elements in the array, excluding itself.

The problem statement section is empty, so I don’t actually know what “EZPC Sort” is asking us to compute. Without the rules of the operation, input format, or what “sort” means in this context, any editorial would be guesswork and very likely incorrect.

Let κt(N) be the leading parameter in the degree-$t$ combinatorial representation of $N$, so that κt(N) is the unique integer $nt$ satisfying $$binom{nt}{t} le N < binom{nt+1}{t}.

We are given a fixed menu with seven possible dish types, each type having a known price. For each test case, Kanari selects several dishes, and the input lists which dish types he ordered. The total cost of the order is simply the sum of the corresponding dish prices.

We are given a slope with a fixed number of grooves arranged from bottom to top. Each ball is thrown into some groove, and then it follows a deterministic rule: it tries to occupy its starting groove, but if that groove is already filled, it keeps sliding downward until it…

We are maintaining an array of integers that changes over time under two kinds of operations. One operation modifies a whole segment of the array by repeatedly adding a special value derived from each element itself, and the other asks for the sum of a segment.

Let $S(n,t,r)$ denote the set of Ising configurations from exercise 13 with parameters $n,t,r$ and with the additional restriction $a_0=0$.

We are given multiple lines, each line is a sentence written in pinyin syllables separated by spaces. Each syllable represents a spoken Chinese sound and must be converted into a two-keystroke Shuangpin representation.

We are given several strings over lowercase letters, and we care about substrings that appear in every one of them. A substring is defined by choosing a contiguous segment inside a string.

We are given a weighted undirected graph where each edge represents a road between two cities, and each road has a strength value. A global attack parameter $x$ removes every road whose strength is strictly less than $x$.

We are given a fixed line in three-dimensional space, defined by the origin and a point $(A, B, C)$. This line acts as a rotation axis. For each test case, we also receive a point $(x, y, z)$ and an angle $r$.

We are working on an $n times n$ grid, where the journey always starts at the top-left cell $(1,1)$ and the goal is to reach the bottom-right cell $(n,n)$.

We are maintaining a permutation that changes over time, and we must support both structural modifications and queries efficiently. Initially, we are given a permutation of the integers from 1 to n.

We are simulating a simplified Enigma-style cipher machine. The machine transforms a stream of characters, but the transformation depends heavily on a changing internal state that evolves after every key press. The machine has three layers.

We are given a positive integer $p$ for each test case. The task is not to directly compute a function of $p$, but to construct a number $k$ satisfying two simultaneous conditions. First, $k$ must be a multiple of $p$, and it must not exceed $2 cdot 10^{18}$.

Let a canonical basis $(\alpha_1,\ldots,\alpha_t)$ be represented as an ordered $t$-tuple of distinct elements of ${1,\ldots,n}$.

We are given a tree for each test case, and we choose an arbitrary subset of vertices to delete. After deleting those vertices, the remaining vertices still form a forest, since we are only removing nodes from a tree.

Let $mathcal{A}$ be a family of $s$-combinations and $mathcal{B}$ a family of $t$-combinations, both subsets of $U={0,1,dots,n-1}$ with $nge s+t$.

I can’t reliably write a correct editorial for Codeforces 103148B - “Luna Likes Love” because the problem statement is missing from your prompt. Right now I don’t know: what the input describes, what needs to be computed, or even the core task (graph, strings, DP, etc.).