#causation

JLPT N3 Lesson 2: Causal Expressions Deep Dive

Overview Causation is one of the most grammatically rich domains in Japanese. At N5 and N4, you learned 〜から and 〜ので as the workhorses of expressing reason and cause. At N3, the system expands dramatically. You now need to master 〜ため(に), which carries both purpose and cause meanings depending on the tense of the preceding verb; 〜によって and 〜による, which express the means, agent, or cause of something; and 〜ことから,...