Latin Pronouns

All Latin pronouns: personal (ego/tu), reflexive (sui), demonstrative (hic/ille/is), relative (qui), interrogative, and indefinite pronouns with full paradigm tables.

Personal Pronouns

Latin has first and second person personal pronouns; the third person is expressed by demonstratives (there is no personal pronoun for "he/she/it").

Case 1st sg. 2nd sg. 1st pl. 2nd pl.
Nom. ego tū nōs vōs
Gen. meī tuī nostrum/nostrī vestrum/vestrī
Dat. mihi tibi nōbīs vōbīs
Acc. mē tē nōs vōs
Abl. mē tē nōbīs vōbīs

Note: nostrum (partitive gen.) vs. nostrī (objective gen.): memor nostrī — "mindful of us." Cum is attached as an enclitic: mēcum (with me), tēcum (with you), nōbīscum (with us).

Reflexive Pronoun (suī)

Used only for the 3rd person, for all genders and numbers, referring back to the subject. The 1st and 2nd person use their own personal pronouns reflexively.

Case Form
Gen. suī
Dat. sibi
Acc. sē (or sēsē)
Abl. sē (or sēsē)

Caesar sē amāt — "Caesar loves himself" Mīlitēs sē dēfendunt — "The soldiers defend themselves" Caesar dīxit sē venīre — "Caesar said that he himself was coming" (distinguished from an accusative referring to someone else)

Demonstrative Pronouns and Adjectives

hic, haec, hoc — "this" (near the speaker)

Case Masc. Fem. Neut. M. Pl. F. Pl. N. Pl.
Nom. hic haec hoc hī hae haec
Gen. huius huius huius hōrum hārum hōrum
Dat. huic huic huic hīs hīs hīs
Acc. hunc hanc hoc hōs hās haec
Abl. hōc hāc hōc hīs hīs hīs

ille, illa, illud — "that" (remote; can mean "the famous")

Case Masc. Fem. Neut.
Nom. ille illa illud
Gen. illīus illīus illīus
Dat. illī illī illī
Acc. illum illam illud
Abl. illō illā illō

Plural: illī, illae, illa (nom.); illōrum/illārum/illōrum (gen.); illīs (dat./abl.); illōs/illās/illa (acc.)

is, ea, id — "this/that/he/she/it" (plain demonstrative; often used as 3rd-person pronoun)

Case Masc. Fem. Neut. M. Pl. F. Pl. N. Pl.
Nom. is ea id eī/iī eae ea
Gen. eius eius eius eōrum eārum eōrum
Dat. eī eī eī eīs eīs eīs
Acc. eum eam id eōs eās ea
Abl. eō eā eō eīs eīs eīs

iste, ista, istud — "that of yours" (near addressee; often derogatory)

Declines like ille but refers to something associated with the person addressed. Iste homō! — "That fellow (of yours)!" (often contemptuous in Cicero)

Relative Pronoun (quī, quae, quod)

The relative pronoun introduces a relative clause and agrees with its antecedent in gender and number, but its case is determined by its grammatical function within the relative clause.

Case Masc. Fem. Neut. M. Pl. F. Pl. N. Pl.
Nom. quī quae quod quī quae quae
Gen. cuius cuius cuius quōrum quārum quōrum
Dat. cuī cuī cuī quibus quibus quibus
Acc. quem quam quod quōs quās quae
Abl. quō quā quō quibus quibus quibus

Example: Liber quem lēgī magnus erat — "The book which I read was great." Quem (acc.) because it's the object of lēgī; gender masc. to agree with liber.

Interrogative Pronoun (quis? quid?) and Adjective (quī? quae? quod?)

Interrogative pronoun (used alone, asks "who? what?"): Nom.: quis (m/f), quid (n) | Gen.: cuius | Dat.: cuī | Acc.: quem (m/f), quid (n) | Abl.: quō

Interrogative adjective (modifies a noun, asks "which? what?"): Same forms as the relative pronoun: quī, quae, quod

The "UNUS NAUTA" Pronouns (Pronominal Adjectives)

These 9 adjectives follow pronoun declension in gen. sg. (-ius) and dat. sg. (-ī), otherwise like 1st-2nd declension adjectives:

ūllus, nūllus, unus, sōlus, neuter, alius, uter, tōtus, alter

Nūllīus (gen.), nūllī (dat.) — "of no one," "to/for no one"

Indefinite Pronouns

Pronoun Forms Meaning Use
aliquis, aliquid like quis/quid with ali- prefix someone, something positive contexts
quisquam, quidquam like quis anyone, anything negative contexts, conditions
quidam, quaedam, quoddam relative + -dam suffix a certain person/thing specific but unnamed
quisque, quidque like quis each one, every distributive
quīlibet, quaelibet, quidlibet like quī anyone you like, any at all unlimited choice
quīvīs, quaevīs, quidvīs like quī anyone you wish unlimited choice

Reference