Sindarin verbs are organized here by meaning category. For full conjugation details see Grammar: Verbs. Each entry shows: verb stem (infinitive base), verb class, key attested forms, and example.
Communication
| Verb |
Class |
Period |
English |
Key Forms |
| ped- |
I |
S. |
speak, say |
pedo! = speak! (imperative); pent = he spoke (past) |
| lin(n)a- |
II |
S. |
sing, chant |
linnon = I sing; linnathon = I will sing |
| naneth- |
— |
N. |
report, tell |
|
| gla- |
I |
N. |
shout |
|
| call- |
I |
N. |
call |
|
Movement
| Verb |
Class |
Period |
English |
Key Forms |
| tol- |
I |
S. |
come |
tôl = comes (3rd sg.); túlen = I came |
| men- |
I |
S. |
go, travel |
mîn = goes (?); mant = went |
| nor- |
I |
S. |
run |
norn = ran (past, nasal infixed) |
| cab- |
I |
S. |
leap |
camm = leaped (nasal infixed) |
| drava- |
II |
N. |
hew |
|
| minno |
imperative |
S. |
enter! |
from minna-; minno! = enter! |
| aphad- |
II |
S. |
follow |
aphant = followed (weak past) |
| northa- |
II |
S. |
ride fast |
northant = rode |
Perception
| Verb |
Class |
Period |
English |
Key Forms |
| cen- |
I |
S. |
see |
cenin = I see; cennen = I saw |
| tiria- |
II |
S. |
watch, gaze |
tiriant = he/she watched |
| glinna- |
II |
S. |
glance at |
|
| lasta- |
II |
N./S. |
listen |
laston = I listen |
| gosta- |
II |
N. |
fear greatly |
|
Making and Doing
| Verb |
Class |
Period |
English |
Key Forms |
| car- |
I |
S. |
do, make, build |
câr = does (pres.); agor = made (strong past) |
| eitha- |
II |
S. |
insult, prick |
|
| garo- |
I |
S. |
have, hold |
avo garo! = don't do it! |
| edra- |
II |
S. |
open |
edro! = open! |
| tira- |
II |
S. |
guard |
|
Giving and Receiving
| Verb |
Class |
Period |
English |
Key Forms |
| ann- / anna- |
I/II |
S. |
give |
annon = I give; onen = I gave |
| togo- |
I |
S. |
bring, lead |
togo! = bring! |
| cab- |
|
|
|
|
Being and Existing
| Verb |
Class |
Period |
English |
Key Forms |
| na- |
— |
S. |
be (copula) |
naun = I was; natho = will be (ᴺS.) |
| cuina- |
II |
S. |
be alive |
cuio! = live! (imperative) |
| boe |
impers. |
S. |
it is necessary |
boe ammen = we must |
| eria- |
II |
S. |
rise |
|
| delia- |
II |
S. |
hide |
|
Thinking and Feeling
| Verb |
Class |
Period |
English |
Key Forms |
| meli- |
I |
S. |
love |
melin = I love; gi melin = I love you |
| nalla- |
II |
S. |
cry out, appeal |
nallon = I cry out; le nallon = I appeal to thee |
| gosta- |
II |
N. |
fear greatly |
|
| adlanna- |
II |
ᴺS.[N.] |
slope toward |
|
Fighting
| Verb |
Class |
Period |
English |
Key Forms |
| hae- |
I |
N. |
hew |
|
| drava- |
II |
N. |
hew, hack |
|
| dag- |
I |
S. |
slay |
dagor = battle (related noun) |
| brona- |
II |
N. |
survive |
|
| Imperative |
Verb |
Translation |
| pedo! |
ped- |
Speak! |
| minno! |
minna- |
Enter! |
| edro! |
edra- |
Open! |
| tolo! |
tol- |
Come! |
| cuio! |
cuia- |
Live! |
| noro! |
nor- |
Run! |
| tiro! |
tîr- |
Watch! Guard! |
| daro! |
dar- |
Stop! Halt! |
| avo garo! |
gar- |
Don't do it! (negative imperative) |
Negation with Verbs
Negative commands use avo + infinitive:
- Avo garo! — Do not do it!
- Avo meno! — Do not go!
Negative statements use ú- prefix (triggers soft mutation):
- Ú-cenin — I do not see
- Ú-melon — I do not love
| Tense |
Primary Verb (tol-) |
A-stem Verb (tiria-) |
| Aorist/Present |
tôl (he comes) |
tiria (he watches) |
| 1st sg. present |
tolon |
tirian |
| Present continuous |
tôla |
— |
| Past (strong) |
túle (he came) |
— |
| Past (weak) |
— |
tiriant (he watched) |
| Future |
toltha (will come) |
tiriatha (will watch) |
| Imperative |
tolo! (come!) |
tirio! (watch!) |
| Past participle |
— |
tiriannen (watched) |