#conjunctions

JLPT N3 Lesson 3: Complex Conjunctions I — Location and Stance

Overview At N3, you encounter a set of noun-based conjunctive phrases that are almost entirely absent from casual conversation but ubiquitous in formal writing, news, and business contexts. These "complex particles" or "compound postpositions" consist of a noun plus a particle, and they function grammatically like single postpositions. Mastering them is essential: N3 reading passages heavily feature these patterns, and confusing 〜において with 〜で, or 〜に対して with 〜に, signals a...