况且 (kuàngqiě) — moreover, besides

况且 (kuàngqiě)

况且 is a conjunction used to introduce an additional reason or consideration that reinforces a previous statement. It is equivalent to "moreover," "besides," or "what is more" in English. It signals that another, often stronger, argument is being added to an already stated one. It is more formal than 而且 and is characteristic of written argumentation.

Meanings

1. [conj] moreover, besides, what is more (adding a further strengthening reason)

Example Sentences

这个计划在技术上难以实现，况且预算也远远不足，根本无法推进。 Zhège jìhuà zài jìshù shàng nányǐ shíxiàn, kuàngqiě yùsuàn yě yuǎnyuǎn bù zú, gēnběn wúfǎ tuījìn. This plan is technically difficult to implement; moreover, the budget is far from sufficient, making it impossible to proceed.

他目前的身体状况不允许长途旅行，况且医生也明确建议他在家静养。 Tā mùqián de shēntǐ zhuàngkuàng bù yǔnxǔ chángtú lǚxíng, kuàngqiě yīshēng yě míngquè jiànyì tā zàijiā jìngyǎng. His current health condition does not permit long-distance travel; moreover, the doctor has explicitly advised him to rest at home.

那份工作薪资偏低，发展前景有限，况且与他的专业方向也不相符。 Nà fèn gōngzuò xīnzī piān dī, fāzhǎn qiánjǐng yǒuxiàn, kuàngqiě yǔ tā de zhuānyè fāngxiàng yě bù xiāngfú. That job has a low salary and limited development prospects; moreover, it does not align with his area of specialization.

放弃这一机会本已令人惋惜，况且这样的机会可能数十年才出现一次。 Fàngqì zhè yī jīhuì běn yǐ lìng rén wǎnxī, kuàngqiě zhèyàng de jīhuì kěnéng shùshí nián cái chūxiàn yīcì. Giving up this opportunity is already regrettable; moreover, such an opportunity may only arise once in decades.

现有的证据不足以支持起诉，况且被告的辩护律师已经准备好了强有力的反驳。 Xiànyǒu de zhèngjù bù zú yǐ zhīchí qǐsù, kuàngqiě bèigào de biànhù lǜshī yǐjīng zhǔnbèi hǎo le qiángyǒulì de fǎnbó. The existing evidence is insufficient to support prosecution; moreover, the defendant's defense attorney has already prepared a powerful rebuttal.

这一政策的实施成本极高，况且其预期效果在学界至今仍有较大争议。 Zhè yī zhèngcè de shíshī chéngběn jí gāo, kuàngqiě qí yùqī xiàoguǒ zài xuéjiè zhìjīn réng yǒu jiào dà zhēngyì. The implementation cost of this policy is extremely high; moreover, its expected effectiveness remains significantly contested in academic circles.

Collocations

Usage Notes

况且 introduces an additional reason that typically strengthens the preceding statement. It differs from 而且 (érrqiě, also/moreover) in that 况且 specifically adds a reinforcing reason rather than merely adding further information. In terms of register, 况且 is slightly more formal and literary than 而且, making it more appropriate for written argumentation.

The similar word 何况 (hékuàng) means "let alone" or "much less" and is used in a stronger context where the second point makes the first even more obvious: 普通人尚且如此，何况领导者？ (If ordinary people are like this, let alone leaders.)

Memory Hook

况 (moreover/condition) + 且 (furthermore/also) — 况且 is a doubling of "moreover," saying: given the situation (况), and furthermore (且)...