材料科学 (cáiliào kēxué) — materials science

材料科学 (cáiliào kēxué)

材料科学 is an interdisciplinary field that investigates the relationship between the structure of materials at atomic and molecular scales and their macroscopic properties. It bridges physics, chemistry, and engineering to develop new materials for applications ranging from semiconductors to biomaterials and aerospace composites.

Meanings

1. [noun] materials science; the scientific discipline studying the composition, structure, properties, and performance of materials

Example Sentences

材料科学的进步直接推动了半导体和新能源产业的发展。 Cáiliào kēxué de jìnbù zhíjiē tuīdòngle bàndǎotǐ hé xīnnéngyuán chǎnyè de fāzhǎn. Advances in materials science have directly driven the development of the semiconductor and new energy industries.

纳米材料科学正在催生一批具有颠覆性的新型功能材料。 Nàmǐ cáiliào kēxué zhèngzài cuīshēng yī pī jùyǒu diānfùxìng de xīnxíng gōngnéng cáiliào. Nanomaterials science is giving rise to a range of disruptive new functional materials.

该研究所在高温超导材料科学领域处于国际领先地位。 Gāi yánjiūsuǒ zài gāowēn chāodǎo cáiliào kēxué lǐngyù chǔyú guójì lǐngxiān dìwèi. The institute holds a leading international position in the field of high-temperature superconductor materials science.

材料科学家通过控制晶体微观结构来调节合金的机械性能。 Cáiliào kēxuéjiā tōngguò kòngzhì jīngtǐ wēiguān jiégòu lái tiáojié héjīn de jīxiè xìngnéng. Materials scientists tune alloy mechanical properties by controlling crystal microstructure.

生物材料科学的突破为人工器官的研制提供了新的可能。 Shēngwù cáiliào kēxué de tūpò wèi réngōng qìguān de yánzhì tígōngle xīn de kěnéng. Breakthroughs in biomaterials science have opened new possibilities for the development of artificial organs.

相图分析是材料科学中研究多组分体系相变的基本方法。 Xiàngtú fēnxī shì cáiliào kēxué zhōng yánjiū duō zǔfèn tǐxì xiàngbiàn de jīběn fāngfǎ. Phase diagram analysis is the fundamental method in materials science for studying phase transitions in multicomponent systems.

Collocations

Usage Notes

In Chinese academia, the full name of the discipline is often 材料科学与工程 (materials science and engineering), reflecting its dual theoretical and applied nature. The field encompasses 金属材料 (metallic materials), 无机非金属材料 (inorganic non-metallic materials), 高分子材料 (polymer materials), and 复合材料 (composite materials).

Key concepts include 微观结构 (microstructure), 相变 (phase transformation), 力学性能 (mechanical properties), and 表面工程 (surface engineering). Materials science underpins strategic national industries including 芯片制造 (chip manufacturing) and 新能源 (new energy), making it a politically as well as technically significant field in China.

Memory Hook

材料 (materials) + 科学 (science) — the science of what things are made of and why they behave the way they do.