况且 (kuàngqiě)

况且 is a conjunction that introduces an additional reason or consideration that reinforces or strengthens a preceding argument, often implying that the added point makes the conclusion even more certain.

Meanings

[conjunction] moreover, besides, furthermore, what is more (with an emphatic or reinforcing tone)

Example Sentences

我今天太累了，况且外面还在下雨，就不出去了。 Wǒ jīntiān tài lèi le, kuàngqiě wàimiàn hái zài xià yǔ, jiù bù chūqù le. I am too tired today; moreover, it is still raining outside, so I am not going out.

他的方案不够成熟，况且预算也超出了范围。 Tā de fāng'àn bùgòu chéngshú, kuàngqiě yùsuàn yě chāochū le fànwéi. His plan is not mature enough; moreover, the budget also exceeds the limit.

这件事我帮不上忙，况且这本来就是你自己的责任。 Zhè jiàn shì wǒ bāng bù shàng máng, kuàngqiě zhè běnlái jiù shì nǐ zìjǐ de zérèn. I cannot help with this matter; besides, this was your own responsibility in the first place.

现在买车不划算，况且公共交通已经非常方便了。 Xiànzài mǎi chē bù huásuàn, kuàngqiě gōnggòng jiāotōng yǐjīng fēicháng fāngbiàn le. Buying a car now is not cost-effective; moreover, public transportation is already very convenient.

她对这份工作并不感兴趣，况且薪资也低于市场平均水平。 Tā duì zhè fèn gōngzuò bìng bù gǎn xìngqù, kuàngqiě xīnzī yě dīyú shìchǎng píngjūn shuǐpíng. She is not interested in this job; besides, the salary is also below the market average.

这项技术尚不成熟，况且成本极高，推广起来十分困难。 Zhè xiàng jìshù shàng bù chéngshú, kuàngqiě chéngběn jí gāo, tuīguǎng qǐlái shífēn kùnnán. This technology is not yet mature; moreover, the cost is extremely high, making it very difficult to promote.

Collocations

Collocation	Meaning
况且...也	moreover...also
况且说	besides, what is more
不仅...况且	not only...moreover
已经...况且	already...furthermore
何况 (similar)	let alone, not to mention

Usage Notes

况且 is semi-formal and appears in both spoken and written Chinese. It is used to pile on an additional reason that reinforces the conclusion already suggested by the previous clause. The tone is often one of "and if that weren't enough, there's also this..."

况且 is similar to 而且 (and also) and 再者 (furthermore), but 况且 specifically carries a sense of "given the circumstances, and there's even more" -- the added point often makes the case more decisively. Compare: 何况 (hékuàng) is stronger and more formal, meaning "let alone" or "not to mention."

Memory Hook

况 relates to circumstances/situation and 且 means "moreover/in addition" -- 况且 says "given the situation, and what is more," piling on evidence until the conclusion becomes unavoidable.