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HSK 3 | verb | to be acquainted with someone; to recognize or identify

Week-by-week Japanese study plan from absolute beginner to JLPT N1: phased milestones, resource recommendations, and time estimates.

HSK 1 | pronoun | third-person singular pronoun for non-human things

新 (shin/atara-shii): new. JLPT N5 kanji.

HSK 5 | noun | bond; debenture; fixed-income debt security

HSK 3 | verb | to cry; to weep; to shed tears

HSK 5 | conjunction | even if, even though

HSK 2 | measure word | counts complete pieces of written or composed work

HSK 4 | noun | a set of steps or instructions; a computer program

HSK 4 | verb/noun | to draw together key points into a conclusion

HSK 4 | noun | the outward shape, structure, or format of something

HSK 4 | verb / noun | to complete a course of study and graduate

Learn body part vocabulary, how to describe symptoms using 疼 and 痛, and how to soften descriptions with 有点儿.

HSK 4 | noun | one's mental or emotional stance toward something

HSK 1 | pronoun | second-person plural pronoun

HSK 1 | adjective | handsome, cool, good-looking (usually men)

HSK 5 | verb/noun | to discuss and reach agreement through mutual consultation

HSK 5 | verb / noun | to demonstrate through argument; logical proof

HSK 6 | n/v | concrete manifestation; to give concrete expression to an abstract quality

N1 grammar pattern 〜とはいえ: acknowledging a stated fact while introducing a contrasting reality — 'even though, that said, granted that.'

HSK 5 | noun | systematic body of ideas explaining phenomena

Develop the vocabulary and analytical grammar to discuss Chinese literary works, artistic movements, and aesthetic criticism at the B2 level.

HSK 5 | noun | a formal system for supervising and ensuring accountability

先 (before, ahead): 6 strokes, JLPT N5. On: セン. Kun: さき.

HSK 4 | noun | a fundamental belief or rule guiding behavior

HSK 3 | verb | to enter into marriage

HSK 4 | adverb / noun | referring to a specific past moment

Complete Sindarin verb conjugation for present tense: aorist (simple) and continuative (ongoing) for both A-stem and primary verb classes, all 6 persons.

HSK 1 | greeting phrase | affirms agreement or acknowledges a request

HSK 5 | noun | stock, share, equity security traded on a stock market

The language of Chinese economic analysis — 就...而言 in economic framing, macroeconomic and microeconomic vocabulary, and the discourse of policy economics

金 (gold, money): 8 strokes, JLPT N5. On: キン、コン. Kun: かね、かな.

HSK 3 | noun | a facility where aircraft take off and land

Learn 〜わけではない to express partial negation — it doesn't mean that X, clearing up misunderstandings while allowing for nuance.

HSK 4 | verb | to collect, to gather

Learn to tell the time, name days of the week and months, and use temporal adverbs and the correlative -am series.

N1 grammar: classical particle だに expressing literary 'even just X' or 'even merely X.' Marks the minimum case on a scale of unexpectedness. Used in literary prose and formal writing.

JLPT N4 kanji 勉 — readings, vocabulary, stroke order, mnemonic, and common confusion pairs.

HSK 5 | noun | a distributed digital ledger technology for recording transactions securely

HSK 2 | adjective/noun | warm-hearted, enthusiastic, passion

HSK 5 | adjective/noun | treating all parties equally without bias or favoritism

HSK 3 | noun | vegetables, the specific category of edible plants

HSK 4 | verb / adjective | bringing something to a higher or complete standard

HSK 2 | verb + result complement | indicates searching resulted in actually finding something

HSK 8 | noun | semiconductor fabrication; the process of manufacturing integrated circuits and chips

HSK 4 | preposition / verb | passing through or using a method

Complete HSK 1 vocabulary list: 299 words with Chinese, pinyin, English, part of speech, and example sentences. Organized by category.

We are given two arrays of integers, x and y, each of length n. The array x is the starting state, and y is the desired target state. The only operation allowed is x[i] ^= x[j], which replaces x[i] with the bitwise XOR of x[i] and x[j].

Master formal request forms, business vocabulary, and the foundations of keigo (honorific language) for N3-level workplace communication: emails, phone calls, meetings, and the 丁寧語/尊敬語/謙譲語 distinction.

HSK 1 | verb / complement marker | indicates arriving at a destination or successful completion of an action

Sindarin word-building with prefixes: directional, negative, intensifying, and stative prefixes with 40+ examples from attested names.

HSK 4 | verb | to willingly take or agree to something offered

We need to assign each student to one of k buses on each of d days. For every student, we can think of their assignment as a sequence of length d. For example, if d = 3, a student might ride buses (2, 1, 2) over the three days.

HSK 6 | verb/noun | to synthesize existing research; a comprehensive literature review

HSK 4 | conjunction | a formal connector meaning however or nevertheless

HSK 5 | adjective | existing within something, inherent and not externally imposed

HSK 3 | adverb | once, at one time, formerly — always refers to past experience

HSK 5 | noun | the ability to recover from adversity and adapt to challenges

Consolidate all B2 grammar and vocabulary, assess your current competency level, identify common B2 errors, and plan your pathway to C1.

HSK 1 | number | the digit three

HSK 3 | adjective | freely giving; composed and graceful in manner

HSK 3 | adjective/adverb | nearly equal or approximately

All four Latin participles (PAP, PPP, FAP, gerundive), their formation and declension, and the ablative absolute construction with worked examples.

HSK 3 | preposition | toward, in the direction of — indicates direction of movement

HSK 3 | adjective | widely recognized; renowned

HSK 3 | verb | to climb, to crawl, to scramble up

HSK 2 | verb + result complement | indicates the action of listening results in actually hearing

Japanese work and business vocabulary: professions, office settings, keigo expressions, job hunting terms, and workplace culture.

Roland wants to place n watch towers on a 2D integer grid around a rose at the origin so that the sum of squared distances between all pairs of towers is maximized. Each tower must lie within or on a circle of radius r centered at (0,0).

HSK 5 | noun/adjective | network; the internet; online

HSK 5 | adjective | advocating extreme or rapid change; radical

HSK 4 | noun | a method or way of doing something

Full paradigms for 4th-declension masculine and neuter nouns and 5th-declension nouns, with key vocabulary and the special behavior of domus.

HSK 5 | verb/adjective | to inspire; to invigorate; filled with excitement and spirit

Side-by-side comparison of HSK old standard (2.0, 6 levels) and new standard (3.0, 9 levels), including vocabulary counts, CEFR alignment, and transition timeline.

Engage with Chinese discourse on the ethical dimensions of technology, including AI ethics, privacy, data security, and algorithmic bias.

HSK 4 | verb / noun | to help; assistance

HSK 5 | noun/verb | initiative; proposal; to put forward a proposal or call to action

HSK 3 | conjunction | only if, only when — used in 只有...才... pattern

HSK 5 | verb / noun | to argue opposing sides; formal debate

HSK 1 | adverb/pronoun | interrogative asking about manner or reason

HSK 3 | verb | to agree, to consent, to approve

HSK 3 | verb / noun | to need, require; a need or requirement

10 structured lessons for JLPT N4: from reviewing N5 basics to complex grammar, passive/causative, conditionals, and practical reading/writing. Each lesson includes dialogues and exercises.

書 (sho/ka-ku): write. JLPT N5 kanji.

HSK 3 | adverb | continuously, all along, straight — describes uninterrupted action or direction

HSK 4 | noun | the pressure of blood circulating in the arteries

HSK 3 | adverb/adjective | happening without warning

Learn to express where things and people exist using あります and います, with the に and で particles for location.

HSK 8 | noun | integrated circuit; a set of electronic circuits on a single chip of semiconductor material

HSK 4 | adverb | expressing a preference for one option over another

HSK 3 | verb + result complement | to express something in a way that is fully understood

HSK 3 | verb | to hurry toward something or catch a vehicle in time

HSK 4 | noun | colleague, coworker

HSK 5 | verb/noun/adjective | to put in effort or resources; input; deeply absorbed

HSK 4 | noun | a secret word or number used for authentication or encryption

HSK 1 | noun/verb | employment, labor; to be employed or carry out a task

HSK 6 | n | a main claim or point of argument in reasoning or debate