JLPT N5 Grammar Patterns
20 essential JLPT N5 grammar patterns: particles, verb forms, copula, and sentence structures with full explanations and examples.
20 fundamental N5 grammar patterns at the A1 beginner level. These are the building blocks of Japanese sentence structure — master these before moving on to N4.
| Pattern | Meaning |
|---|---|
| は (wa) | topic marker |
| が (ga) | subject marker |
| を (wo) | direct object marker |
| に (ni) | direction / time / indirect object |
| で (de) | location of action / means |
| の (no) | possession / noun modification |
| と (to) | and / with (accompaniment) |
| も (mo) | also / too / even |
| から (kara) | from / because |
| まで (made) | until / as far as |
| ます (masu) | polite non-past verb form |
| です (desu) | copula (is/am/are) |
| ている (te-iru) | ongoing action / resultant state |
| てください (te-kudasai) | please do ~ |
| たい (tai) | want to do ~ |
| あります / います | existence of things / beings |
| ましょう (mashou) | let's ~ / shall we ~ |
| ませんか (masen ka) | won't you ~ / invitation |
| ね / よ | sentence-final particles (agreement / assertion) |
| これ / それ / あれ / どれ | demonstratives |